Embalmers: Embalming and Early Egyptian Eras

After we die our souls are taken to either Heaven or Hell, but what happens with our bodies left on earth? For those who did and did not take good care of it, the embalmers are the one who brings the â€Å"dead back to life†, when I say this I mean the body not our actual spirit. Embalming can be defined as preserving of the body for burial; it has been around for centuries and can be dated back to early Egyptian eras. Embalmers are highly trained professionals that perform this repulsive yet phenomenal task. To become an embalmer you are required to have the following knowledge: chemistry, Customer and Personal Service, Biology, English Language, Law and Government, education and training, psychology, and Administration and Management. For skill level you need to know service orientation, active listening, knowing how to speak to others, coordination, science, reading comprehension, social perceptiveness, instructing, time management, and critical thinking. Most important thing a person needs to become an embalmer is a high school diploma. Four plus years in college, training in mortuary science, and a license in the state you are trying to become an embalmer. Life of an embalmer is very different from anyone that works with people because their clients are dead. They are hired by funeral directors and work in complete isolation. Many myths are said that most embalmers are socially inclined because of their morbid job, but that is highly untrue. Embalming is a long process, its start with the pre-embalming this is where this is where the embalmer makes note of any jewelry, discoloration, scars, bruises, etc. n the body if any catheters or clothing is on the body it is also removed. After this is done the embalmer washes the body down with a germicidal soap, killing any germs, and then relaxes the muscles because of rigor mortis and shaves the body because of peach fuzz will mess up any makeup. The second stage is feature setting, this is where the embalmer starts putting the body in the position that they are going to place in the casket. Cotton is placed between the eyes and eyelids to keep the eye ball from slipping down in socket. Next, the jaw is closed by a suture gun, a curved needle that is injected through the gums of the upper jaw into the nostril and then tied. Third is the arterial embalming this is where embalming fluid is injected into the artery while the blood is being drained from the heart and veins. This takes up to two galloons of usually a mixture of formaldehyde or other chemical and water! Once this is through the arterial and jugular vein is removed. Almost done, next we need to go through cavity embalming, to me this is most important because all the stuff that lies within the organs most be drained or they will find another escape (and it would be a sad sight to see that during a funeral) so all fluid from left over organs are suctioned out this is done with a trocar. Last is post-embalming, the embalmer does another full wash and hair and makeup are done to give the life-like appearance again. Seems like a lot, but the job keeps the family happy and money in their pocket that is the job look stays increasing (mostly because people die every day and embalmers retire) it is said to have the highest growth population in jobs. The first year through the fourth the average salary is $24,134 to $40,828, and those embalmers with 5 to 9 years’ experience earn average annual salaries between $36,115 and $49,579. Its good pay but if you’re the easily squeamish type it’s definitely not for you. Without embalmers there would be a lot of problems when it came time to funerals. This job is very well exciting and keeps you busy.

Consumer Behaviour Essay

Executive Summary In this consumer behavior assignment, I used report formal. Besides that, the product that has given me the highest satisfaction when I purchased is Sony Xperia S, and I had to decide and choose Sony Xperia S this product for my consumer behavior assignment. In this consumer behavior assignment, I have introduced the product history, product background, criterias or features of product and the consumer behavior theory that relevant to my purchasing. Meanwhile, I have provided some picture of Sony Xperia S to make my explanation more distinct. Introduction of Sony Xperia S and consumer behavior theory related with Sony Xperia S and me. 1.0 Sony Ericsson’s History Sony Ericsson was established by two companies, which are Sony Corporation and Ericsson, founded in 2001 (Telford, 2008). Lars Magnus Ericsson is the creator and the director of the Ericsson Company, and he is the first person who mended telegraph equipment and opens telegraph repair workshop in Sweden, founded in 1876. After two year, he started worked with his employee to design and manufactured out the first telegraph called â€Å"electrical speech machine’’ in Ericsson Company (Nilsson, 2001). Following figure 1.1 shows the electrical speech machine. Figure 1.1 Japan country is the first created Sony product. Formerly, all Sony products are under by Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Company. In 1958, the name of company was officially changed to Sony Corporation and established in Nihonbashi. In 1968, Sony product was a famous technology product in global technology market. Meanwhile, Sony Corporation succeeded as one of the best consumer electronic brands in the world. In 2001 October, Sony Corporation and Ericsson agreed to cooperate and create a Sony Ericsson brand phone, meanwhile Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB was established from 2001 until present. Sony Ericsson C1002S is the first phone released from Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB. Following figure 1.2 shows the Sony Ericsson C1002S. Figure 1.2 Beside that, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB vision statement is to become the communication entertainment brand and mission statement is to provide quality end to end communication services to small and medium sized corporate business (coolpatil, 2010). 2.0 Sony Xperia S Background In this era, smartphone is a very popular electronic phone for all people, such as Iphone, Sony Xperia, Samsung galaxy, HTC and so on. Besides that, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB was released and created many different model, different design, and different specifications of phone. For example, the first generation Sony Ericsson mobile phone was keypad phone. Next, in second generation, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB used Walkman and Cybershot camera combine it together with Sony Ericsson phone and released to consumers. The second generation mobile phone is to attract consumers, who likes to take photo and likes listen music or song. Furthermore, in third generation, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB released and manufactured smartphone to consumer like Sony Xperia S. As a result, we can see Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB was created every new phone depend on future generation. 3.0 Nature of Sony Xperia S The product I choose for this assignment is Sony Xperia S. In 5 March 2012, Sony Xperia S was emerging to all country (McCann, 2012). Sony Xperia S is an Android Gingerbread device, which is upgradable to Android ICS. Sony Xperia S just one simple squares, curves, and vogue look external design. Meanwhile, Sony Xperia S possesses the transparent strip below the display and display screen of the phone is 4.3-inch with Sony’s Bravia HD technology wide and it has a resolution of 720 x 1280 pixels and measurement was 128 x 64 x 10.6mm. The weight of Sony Xperia S is 144grams and it is only 10.6mm thickness. Furthermore, Sony Xperia S just available two colours, that is black and white (Diangson, 2012 ). Following figure 3.1 shows the introduction of Sony Xperia S. Figure 3.1 After that, figure 3.2 shows Sony Xperia S having a 3.5mm headphone jack and unlock buttons or power on the top. Besides that, figure 3.3 shows on the right side having a volume buttons, a dedicated camera button, a HDMI out socket (the cable came in our box) and figure 3.4 shows flap-covered Micro USB on the left side (Savov, 2012). In figure 3.5 shows the front of the phone possesses the front facing 1.3megapixel camera. Moreover, figure 3.6 shows the rear cover possess camera 12-megapixel lens, LED flash light, secondary mic, loudspeaker and at the bottom of the phone are present Sony Ericsson logo (Lavelle, 2012). Figure 3.2 Figure 3.3 Figure 3.4 Figure 3.5 Figure 3.6 4.0 The criterias or features of Sony Xperia S The criteria or features of Sony Xperia S that I felt most satisfying are Sony Xperia S’s specification because there are many different types of specification available and inside Sony Xperia S. Which are, PlayStation Certified, high-definition display, HD Video playback, great camera capture, and android application system (Warman, 2012). In this era, I believe most teenage (especially male), prefer to play video game with their computer, phone and game consoles. Besides that, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB used and applies PlayStation Certified and install into Sony Xperia S (Bell, 2012). The role of PlayStation Certified inside the Sony Xperia S is showing out the fantastic HD game display and able to connect to television and enjoy a wide range of games on the big screen. Meanwhile, PlayStation certified also able to receive 3D games and high graphic game like Need for Speed Shift by EA (Bell, 2012). Moreover, PlayStation Certified inside the Sony Xperia S are being a lot of convenient to me, because I can save more money to buy Play Station 2 or Play Station 3 and CD game. Besides that, I can free download some of game via internet. Following figure 4.1 shows the Sony Xperia S possesses PlayStation Certified. Figure 4.1 Besides that, I believe many of consumers same as me prefer high-definition display on their own mobile phone. Meanwhile, Sony Xperia S possesses 342 pixels per inch and 4.3†³ screen with Mobile BRAVIA Engine to present out the performance of extremely sharp images and HD screen (Savov, 2012). Mobile BRAVIA Engine also able to present out more than 16 million colors, in order to the video games, picture or images and video display present more clearly with high performance detail. This Mobile BRAVIA Engine is to fulfill consumers, who like to seek for ultimate visual crispness (Savov, 2012). Meanwhile, I feel that, Sony Xperia S’s screen is clearly than Iphone and Samsung galaxy’s screen. Following figure 4.2 shows the screen performance of Mobile BRAVIA Engine. Figure 4.2 Furthermore, I am most satisfying in Sony Xperia S HD Video playback, because I like recording video with clear graphics in the celebration of birthday with friends and family or other interesting of event (Lavelle, 2012). When I playback any of the video, it is able to play in HD videos and streaming, because Sony Xperia S possesses HD video recording and can be done at 1080p and 30 fps. Besides that, Sony Xperia S having a great HD Video playback means having a great deep impression for me (Lavelle, 2012). Following figure 4.3 shows the performance of HD Video playback. Figure 4.3 Besides that, I also prefer to use Sony Xperia S to capture any picture and scenery, because Sony Xperia S camera features an impressive 12 MP camera that can take pictures with HD clarity (Lavelle, 2012). After pictures is taken, Sony Xperia S able to improve the image quality. Sony Xperia S also possesses ready to shoot in short order, it mean that, Sony Xperia S able to take 2 or 3 picture in one second (Warman, 2012). Furthermore, I were pleasantly surprised during under bright conditions, Sony Xperia S’s Exmor R sensor will automatically focus in bright conditions to capture out a picture still in great clarity (Diangson, 2012 ). Refer to figure 4.4 Sony Xperia S’s camera also possesses special features like a self timer, autofocus, scene recognition and 3D sweep panorama to view picture on the multi-angle 3D display (Savov, 2012). Following figure 4.5shows the performance of capture image. When I compare Sony Xperia S and Iphone, I feel that Iphone are possess seldom features. For example, Iphone not provide landscape mode, night scene mode, and beach or snow mode. Figure 4.4 Figure 4.5 Lastly, I also like android application system in Sony Xperia S, because it’s convenient to me download any apps like games, entertainment, news, music, media and video via android. Besides that, most apps are free download like angry bird, temple run and draw something. Moreover, all the android apps are easy to download, high speed, convenient and download according to your tastes (Diangson, 2012 ). Furthermore, it helps me done the work early, save time, and many of apps to fulfill me. Following figure 4.6 shows the Sony Xperia S using android application system. Figure 4.6 5.0 Consumer behavior theory that relevant to my purchasing The first theory was influence me with Sony Xperia S is opinion leadership. The definition of opinion leadership is a one person influence and persuades the buying behavior of others. After that, I felt the celebrities or spokespeople influence and persuade me to purchasing Sony Xperia S is Daniel Craig, who is the character of James Bond in 007 movie and Skyfall movie. Opinion leadership theory that linked to me is high esteem by those that accept Daniel Craig opinions. High esteem will give me a boost of strong confidence, because Daniel Craig in character of James Bond is a strong man and smart. Daniel Craig is a main Sony’s consumer innovator. Following figure 5.1 shows the Daniel Craig represent Sony smartphone. Figure 5.1 The second theory I was learn is learning theory. Learning theory is a model of psychology that explains human learning about purchase product or service, gain wisdom and experience for future use. I felt my mind just only focus on Sony Xperia S, because I believe everybody same as me know Sony products is reliable and famous brand in global’s electronic product. The learning theory that linked to me is knowledge. Knowledge will improve my wisdom. Besides that, that, more Sony’s product advancement, more knowledge and experience I received. Following figure 5.2 shows the famous brand name Sony. Figure 5.2 The third theory was involving Sony Xperia S and me is perception. The definition of perception is the process of acquiring, selecting, interpreting and organizing sensory information. I felt all Sony products like Sony Xperia S was attracted me to purchase, when I watched Sony Xperia S advertisement. Perception theory that linked to me is sensation. A good Sony Xperia S advertisement, influence me to buy and try Sony Xperia S. Furthermore, information inputs also involve in my sensation. For example, sight, hearing and touch. When I sight on Sony Xperia S advertisement and I felt that, Sony Xperia S is a new product. Moreover, when I hear introduction of Sony Xperia S and I felt that, Sony Xperia S is a good specification smartphone. Lastly, when I go to Sony shop and I try to touch Sony Xperia S and I felt that, Sony Xperia S is a high quality smartphone. Following figure 5.3 shows Sony Xperia S’s advertisement poster. Figure 5.3 The fourth theory was involving Sony Xperia S and me is personality. Personality is a set of internal traits and distinct behavioral tendencies that result in consistent patterns of behavior in certain situation. I felt my personality is just only like Sony product, because I’m also a Sony’s fans. Personality theory that linked to me is self-concept. Self – concept give me a boost of decision making, because I will follow my personality to make a decision. For example, I see most of my friend like to use Iphone, but I want to different with them, so I decide to choose Sony Xperia S. Besides that, I like android application system more than apple store application system. Following figure 5.4 shows android application system available in Sony Xperia S. Figure 5.4 The last theory was involving Sony Xperia S and me is reference group. The definition of reference group is individual identifies with the group to the extent that he takes on many of the values, attitudes or behaviors of the group members. Reference group theory that linked to me is families and friends. Families are a one group influences me to choose Sony Xperia S, because my father and mother also like to use Sony’s product. For example, my mother always buys Sony’s music speaker and my father like to use Sony’s laptop. Besides that, friends also influence me, because most of my friends like to purchase Sony walkman, Sony camera, and Sony laptop. When having this reference group, I prefer to follow brands that my families and friends choose. Conclusion In conclusion, Sony Xperia S is a great smartphone for us, because Sony Xperia S provides a lot of convenience to us. For example, improve our standard of living, save time, and solve a lot of problem. Besides that, several different type of consumer behavior theory related Sony Xperia S and me. Each type of consumer behavior theory will explain and describe the definition. Meanwhile, consumer behavior is related with our human life, and human’s perception. Moreover, different people have a different type of personal behavior.

Sociological review of the movie Borat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sociological review of the movie Borat - Essay Example Set in a documentary style, the narrative begins in a small village where Borat introduces his family and village to the audience. Borat is soon asked by the government of Kazakhstan to visit The United States of America in order to learn the cultural roots of the most powerful nation in the world. He would then bring back his learnings, as a form of a documentary, and teach the Central Asian nation, a part of former Soviet Union, the â€Å"American Way†. With a limited budget, an obese sidekick as a producer of the documentary (Azamat Bagatov played by Ken Davitian), Borat sets off to meet real Americans. His zigzag journey across different states, his reactions to American culture and vice-versa (America’s reaction to Borat) is on one side a comical riot but on the other hand exposes the prejudices and hypocrisies in the American culture. As Borat is capable to see the world only from his own cultural viewpoint, the movie at solitary level is a story of ethnocentrism gone crazy. His values, beliefs, and norms are quite a horror and offensive at first, but sadly depict the realities of multiculturalism in the US (Lee). This write-up aims to review the movie from a sociology point of view, illustrating the interfaces of sociological theories with movie’s account and themes. Ethnocentrism I believe that the central sociological theory in the movie Borat. Ethnocentrism is the practice of comparing other cultural practices with your own and often finding them inferior. Cultural divide, being the main theme of the movie, is practically embedded in almost all scenes both from American and Kazakhi points of views (Robert Brym). Sacha Boren demonstrates this in the famous rodeo scene in Texas where he enters the ring to praise the power of America, its decision to invade Iraq and cursing the enemies of America. He is met with rounds of applause and cheers. However, he stretches his act by singing the national anthem of Kazakhstan on American tune calling it the greatest country in the world. The idea that some other country beats the United States in glory and power does not go well with the audience as it responds with loud jeers and boos. The incident hints ethnocentrism being rooted in American culture and perhaps the root of various prejudices Americans have against other cultures and nationalities (Lalo). Conflict theory Another principle theory that is reflective in the movie right from the start is Karl Marx’s Conflict theory that defines conflicts in social structures as the main driver of the progressive development in greater equality, democracy, autonomy and individuality (Sociology Guide). The conflict between races (especially Jews) is apparent right from the start of the movie. Many DVD versions of the movie have the following language options: English, French, Spanish, Russian and Hebrew. If you select "Hebrew," you would hear a repeated warning, "Jew in  vocinity, Jew in  vocinity," as the screen f lashes the following messages: "You have been trapped Jew!" "Keep your claws where they can be seen." "Do not attempt shift your shape." And this is all before the movie even begins. Borat Sagdiyev lives in a world that believes Jews to have horns on their head. A

METHOD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

METHOD - Essay Example The students who volunteer will be selected randomly using a computer generator to avoid any bias in the after they have volunteered, the students will be randomly selected. The same learning test will be used to assess members from the two sub-groups. In essence, to realize the best results standardization must be upheld. Fundamentally, the test will revolve around a reputable company known to each participant to avoid bias. Furthermore, the test will contain general knowledge questions, which require no prerequisite knowledge to understand. The test will contain some three education questions on teaching methods, preparation of curricula and education system. Interview will be used to get oral answers. The interview will be used separately from the other test. The reason for using interview is to get the inner feelings and perception of the students concerning both learning online and face-t-face learning. The students will be assembled in one lab in order to get better results. On the other hand, the students learning in class will be interviewed face-to-face. The answers will be assessed based on their numerical value (Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neutral, Agree and Strongly Agree). Each question within the survey focuses on the traditional, face-to-face classroom versus the online classroom. The experiment will try to find the difference between the online classes and the face-to-face class. The students will be divided into two groups; one group will learn online and the other group will learn in class. The students will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups. The control group will participate in a face-to-face class and subsequently take a test. The participants in the second group, which will be considered the treatment group, will sit and have an online class and take their test online. The online test will have similar length of time as the face-to-face class, and the students

Event Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Event Planning - Assignment Example Since both fighters have numerous fans and supporters worldwide, the event shall be marketed not only as a boxing event but a vacation package5 at Mandalay Bay, as well as an irresistible media event worldwide. The 12,000 seating capacity6 indoor arena is expected to be sold out with audience count7 expected at very close to 100% with March being the start of the Las Vegas peak season8. Tickets9 shall be sold at $1000, $750, $500, $300 and $200 with pre-assigned seating10. The least cost tickets are for the bleachers11. Commissions in the form of percentage12 of gross sales from vacation tour packages13 from air, sea and land travel service providers and tour operators14, hotel accommodations, restaurant meals and various entertainment activities shall also be earned by the organizers. The primary participants in this event are the guests who will come over to Las Vegas to take a vacation and ultimately watch the Re-Match fight or those who will simply watch the fight. For the vacationers who will originate from various parts of the world as well as those from within the United States, it is envisioned that the travel and tour operators that pass accreditation15 will come up with very attractive vacation packages that will include travel fare, accommodation, side trips and activities and of course seat reservations for the fight. Guests who will have tickets to the prize fight shall be treated to the awesome amenities of the Mandalay Bay Events Center, a cavernous 12,000-seat arena with glassed-in skyboxes, good sight lines and acoustics. Free parking is abundant and conveniently close; valet parking is available. (Mandalay Bay Events Center) 4Wall Entertainment's team of lighting designers and engineers has provided integration for the lighting control system for the Events Center. 4Wall designed a complete DMX distribution system, which incorporates Ethernet distribution, combined with traditional DMX patching. The dimmers16 are part of a control system comprised of 13 ETC SR48 Racks and 65 ILC relay cabinets, combined with 94 wall stations. (4Wall Entertainment Lights Mandalay Bay Convention Center) * Marketing the Experience The first six months of the project shall be dedicated to getting together various players for the event - the promoters, the WBC, Mandalay Bay Events Center, travel and tour operators associations, advertising and media, and many others. A preliminary announcement17 to involved sectors for pre-event planning and development shall be done in May 2008. A working group shall be assigned for developing a sponsorship plan18 to get event sponsorships19. For event marketing20 and advertising, consultants from the American Marketing Association21 and the American Association of Advertising Agencies22 shall be engaged. Above-the-line advertising23 for the event shall be delegated to accredited advertising agencies24. Event billboards25 shall be set up at strategic points of the city. Consumer advertising26 packages will be offered to advertisers to take advantage of the expected huge number of visitors during the event not only as added marketing mileage but as a revenue generating activity as well. Publicity27 and public relations28 will be contracted out to a PR firm. When all

Section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2000 - Essay Example Nevertheless, the uncertainty of what constitutes terrorism under international law has manifested at national level with difficulty in distinguishing between state and non-state terrorism (Williamson, 2009). In considering whether the acts in the current scenario constitute acts of terrorism, this paper will consider the position under UK law, with specific reference to the Terrorism Act 2000. Section 1(2) of the Terrorism Act 2000 provides that an act of â€Å"terrorism† includes any act that includes the following â€Å"(a) involves serious violence against a person, (b) involves serious damage to a property, (c) endangers a person’s life, other than that of a person committing the action; (d) creates a serious risk to the health and safety of the public or a section of the public, or (e) is designed to seriously interfere with or seriously to disrupt an electronic system† (Section 1(2) of the Terrorism Act 2000). ... o, the group of individuals are part of â€Å"Abort Abortion† and whilst they are not listed as a proscribed organisation under Schedule 2 of the Terrorism Act 2000, the individual acts may nevertheless constitute acts of terrorism under section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2000 and this paper shall consider each act in turn. 2 Alison’s liability for sending photos of aborted foetuses to the doctors who have been previously targeted. Alison’s campaign of sending the photos to the doctors whilst unpleasant hasn’t caused serious damage to person or property and it will difficult for this conduct to fall within the other sections of section 1(2) to constitute an act of terrorism under the Terrorism Act 2000. Additionally, the photos have been sent merely as a reminder of the horrors of abortion, with no specific threat. However, it is possible that Alison could face liability for harassment under the Protection from Harassment Act 1997. Section 1(1) of the Protecti on from Harassment Act 1997 provides that individuals must not engage in conduct which: a) Amounts to harassment of another; and b) Which they know or ought to objectively know constitutes harassment (Section 1(1) of the Protection from Harassment Act 1997). The test for determining harassment is objective and Section 2(1) of the Protection from Harassment Act 1997 provides that if an individual’s act constitutes harassment in line with the section 1(1) definition, the conduct will constitute a criminal offence. If we apply this by analogy to the current scenario, it is evident that the photos have been sent to the doctors before and that they have been targeted. The images are disturbing and as the photos have been sent repeatedly, there are strong grounds for Alison’s conduct constituting harassment under

Evaluate systems architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluate systems architecture - Essay Example The kind of memory used on CPUs has to be fast speed and is limited in size. These are the registers. Below is the Von Neumann architecture on which all other architectures are based; Traditionally, CPUs did not have many registers and comprised numerous memory addressing techniques. However, after intensive research, it was found that these features made the computers less efficient. Major issues included rare use of specialized instructions, increased the frequency of memory access due to few general-purpose registers. This feature also reduced the amount of addressable memory space for computers. The time required for instruction execution was also unnecessarily lengthened by lack of registers. An example of such processors is the intel x86 processor. These came up as a solution to increase the efficiency of computers. They use a technique called parallelism, which has the effect of increasing the overall speed of execution of computers. Through data dependency where the output of one operation is the input of the next, concurrency can be achieved. CPUs using VLIW architecture have 64 general purpose registers at their disposal. Their instruction words are 128 bits long which is then divided into 4 atoms each 32 bits long. Below is a graphical depiction of VLIW architecture. Intel was the originator of the EPIC architecture and used it on their IA-64 processor. It clusters instructions before execution. Its instruction word size is 41 bits with 256 registers. The clusters are 128 bits wide. Execution of instructions occurs in cycles. Instructions and data are stored in the computer’s hard disk. For execution, they are loaded in main memory from where the CPU can reference them. The fetch execute cycle then begins. The CPU speed is much faster than memory. The time it takes to fetch an instruction from main memory into the CPU is enough for execution of an instruction. Therefore, CPUs are equipped with an onboard fast memory chip called

Case Study on Toys R US Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Case Study on Toys R US Japan - Essay Example The fate of Toys â€Å"R† US Japan is encompassed by issues such as leadership, understanding cultural diversity and implementing effective communication across varying cultures. Toys â€Å"R† US is a market leader in its industry particularly in the United States. Due to this advantage, its potential to expand can be possible across other economies with varying cultural backgrounds. Toys â€Å"R† US eventually made its way in Europe. Amidst contradiction from the start among local counterparts, Toys â€Å"R† US was able to grow and continue to exist in the marketplace in Europe. Its expansion was not achieved overnight. It was able to experience challenges in times that it attempted to carry its strategic formula that it was able to successfully apply in the US retailing industry. In the US, its understanding about the market with customers who are after of the value they can get was able to inspire its discount formula. This made its fortune in the US retailing industry that it also envisioned to be achievable in other foreign markets. Toys â€Å"R† US evaluated the toy market in Japan and the result was promising. In 1991, Japan had higher spending for toys. In fact, it was the world’s second largest market for toys for that year. The case is pointing it out that the good opportunity for toy market in Japan may be due to small number of children within a family and a higher demand for excellence in the academe. Children in Japan are encouraged to be excellent in the academe and a way to motivate them would be to reward them with toys. Furthermore, parents can afford to provide more toys for their children. A less number of children in a family in Japan proved to be an important factor why parents can eventually provide for their children’s needs for almost everything. ... The company was willing to expand and go global. It started in Europe but eventually moved its way to Asia. If finally tried its chances in Japan and created a market evaluation in there at first. One important assessment it made was the interrelation between Japanese culture and its market. According to Hofstede the American culture emphasizes competition while Japanese culture emphasizes cooperation and harmony (Rainey, 1999). In reality Toys â€Å"R† US having the foundation of an American culture is always aiming to reach its competitive advantage. This is the very reason why it was able to evaluate the Japanese market in great detail. Along the way, it finally saw the importance of understanding precisely the prevailing Japanese retailing industry. Japan culture is known for collectivism while the United States is recognized for its individualism (Rainey, 1999). Toys â€Å"R† US finally was able to understand how the traditional retailing in Japan worked compared w ith the modern retailing strategies in the United States. Marked with certain level of competition and individualism, the Toys â€Å"R† US could hardly enter the Japanese retailing industry which was highly fragmented and ran by long-standing relationships among manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers (Spar, 1999). As stated in the case, Toys â€Å"R† US never took instantly its plunge into Japan’s retailing industry. It was able to familiarize the ongoing market trend in the retailing industry within the Japanese market. Toys â€Å"R† US was able to emphasize the value of understanding how it would market its product offerings and make it fit in the Japanese marketplace. Even though it was marked with full enthusiasm to enter into Japan’s market, Toys â€Å"R† US in the

Management research SPSS data analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management research SPSS data analysis - Essay Example The results show that the satisfaction mean is higher than the commitment mean as shown in table 1. This means that on average employees of SCP are more satisfied than committed. Results on reliability of items in each scale show that items in both satisfaction and commitment are highly reliable (Alpha=0.953 & 0.965) respectively. Table 1: Summary statistics for satisfaction and commitment Mean Standard deviation Cronbach's Alpha N of Items Satisfaction 43.276 13.231 0.953 10 Commitment 37.287 13.239 0.965 10 Examining the distribution of initial output Table 2, presents summary results of initial output and it can be noted that the average initial output is 2207.632 units per month with a very high variability. Figure 1 show the distribution of initial output and it looks approximately normal with one possible extreme value. A formal test for normality presented in table 3 show that the distribution of initial output is significantly normal (p-value=0.222). Table 2: Summary statisti cs of initial output Initial output Value Mean 2207.632 Median 2195 Mode 1925.00(a) Std. Deviation 280.7786 Skewness 0.253 Std. Error of Skewness 0.247 Kurtosis -0.09 Std. Error of Kurtosis 0.49 a Multiple modes exist, the smallest value is shown Figure 1: Distribution of initial output Table 3: Test for normality of initial output Tests of Normality                Kolmogorov-Smirnov(a) Shapiro-Wilk    Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. Initial output 0.052 95 .200 0.991 95 0.743 Possibility of outlying observation was checked and table 4 presents the five extreme z scores for initial output. None of the Z score is larger than 3.29 in absolute values so we can say that there are no outlying initial output values. However there is a Z score of 3.07 which might be of no harm to check the original dataset to confirm the true value (Field, 2009, p. 74). Table 4: Cases of extreme z scores for initial output Extreme Values          Case Number Value Z-score(initial outp ut) Highest 1 58 3.07135 2 74 1.89604 3 98 1.86043 4 7 1.75358 5 61 1.68235 Lowest 1 3 -2.1819 2 85 -1.91479 3 55 -1.91479 4 37 -1.59425       5 89 -1.52302 A one-sample t-test was conducted to examine if â€Å"initial output† significantly differs from the national average of 2300 units per month. The result was very significant (p-value=0.002) implying that the average initial output at SCP is significantly lower than the national average of 2300. Table 5: One sample T test One-Sample Test                Test Value = 2300 t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Initial output -3.206 94 0.002 -92.3684 -149.566 -35.1709 Examining the distribution of final output The average final output was 2308.177 which is higher than the average for initial outcome presented in table 1. There is also high variability around this estimate. The distribution of final output as presented in figure 2 seems normal with two possible outlying observations. Z scores were used to assess outlying observations and the results show that there is one outlier (Z score=3.36675). Since I was unable to check if this outlier was as a result of data entry, I assumed it was not and it was replaced by the next highest score plus one. Table 6: Summary statistics for final output Final output Value Mean 2308.177 Median 2320 Mode 2120 Std.